Environment
In General term Environment, is considered as ‘’nature’’. Moreover, It would be everything that surrounds us, the water we drink, the air we breathe, the plants, the animals etc. However, It is the set of conditions that we have adopted to live in and behave.
Therefore, In the legal Term, under, Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, “Environment” includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and Human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganisms, and property.
List of environmental laws in India
Top 6 Environmental laws that are enacted in India:–
1. Firstly, Wildlife (Protection ) Act, 1972
2. Secondly, Water (Prevention and Control Of Pollution ) Act, 1974
3. Further, The Water(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act,1977
4. Also, Forests (Conservation) Act, 1980
5. Moreover, Air (Prevention and Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981
6. Lastly, Environment Protection Act, 1986.
Other Provisions:-
1. Public Liability Insurance Act,1991
2. The Biological Diversity Act,2002
3. The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
Constitutional Provisions related to the environment:-
1. Article 21
2. Articles 48A and Article51 (A)(g)
3. Article 253
4. Article 246
Law of Crimes and environment:-
Indian Penal Code, 1860:-
The provisions under Sections 268 to 294-A of Chapter XIV, of The IPC, deal with the offenses affecting public health, safety, convenience, decency, and morals. Moreover, Some of the sections are concerned with the matters of public nuisance, a negligent act that likely to spread infection of disease that is dangerous to life, adulteration, fouling of water etc.
The Code of Criminal Procedure Code 1908:-
There is a significant chapter in Crpc, of Public Order and Tranquility. And divided into four parts:-
a. Firstly, Part A, Section 129 to 132- unlawful assembly
b. Secondly, Part B, Section 133 to 143 – Public Nuisance
c.Thirdly, Part C, Section 144 – urgent cases of apprehended danger
d. Lastly, Part D, Section 145 to 148- disputes as to immovable property
However, the Fundamental principles of the environment:-
1. Firstly, Sustainable Development,
2. Secondly, Precautionary Principle,
3. Thirdly, Polluter Pays Principle,
4. Fourthly, Public Trust Doctrine,
5. Lastly, Public Liability Insurance.